Mechanical parameters of electrical connectors
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1、Single-leg separation force and total separation force
Contact pressure in the connector is an important indicator, which directly affects the size of the contact resistance and the amount of wear on the contact pair. In most structures, direct measurement of contact pressure is quite difficult. Therefore, the contact pressure is often measured indirectly through the single-pin separation force. For circular pin-hole contact pairs, the ability of the negative contact to hold a weight is usually checked by using a standard pin with a specified weight, usually with a standard pin whose diameter is the lower limit of the diameter of the positive contact taken as -5 μm. The total separation force is usually twice the sum of the upper line of the single-leg separation force. When the total separation force exceeds 50N, it is already quite difficult to plug and unplug by hand. Of course, for some test equipment or some special requirements of the occasion, you can choose zero-plug force connectors, automatic disconnect connectors and so on.
2, mechanical life
The mechanical life of the connector is the plug life, usually specified as 500 to 1000 times. In the mechanical life of this provision, the connector contact resistance, insulation resistance and voltage resistance and other indicators should not exceed the specified value. Strictly speaking, the mechanical life is now a vague concept. Mechanical life should have a certain relationship with time, 10 years after 500 times and 1 year after 500 times, obviously its situation is not the same. Only there is not yet a more economical, more scientific method to measure.
3, the number of contact pairs and pinhole sex
The preferred choice can be based on the needs of the circuit to select the number of contact pairs, while taking into account the volume of the connector and the size of the total separation force. The number of contact pairs, of course, the volume is large, the total separation force is relatively large. In some cases of high reliability requirements, and the volume allows the case, two pairs of contact pairs can be used in parallel to improve the reliability of the connection.
Connector plugs, sockets, pins (positive contact parts) and jacks (negative contact parts) are generally interchangeable assembly. The actual use, according to the plug and socket ends of the charged situation to choose. If the socket needs to be often charged, you can choose to install the jack socket, because the jack socket, its charged contacts buried in the insulator, the human body is not easy to touch the charged contacts, relatively safe.
4、Vibration, shock, collision
Mainly consider the connector in the specified frequency and acceleration conditions of vibration, shock, collision when the electrical continuity of the contact pair. Contact pairs in this dynamic stress situation will occur in the phenomenon of transient disconnection. Specified transient break time is generally 1μs, 10μs, 100μs, 1ms and 10ms. to pay attention to how to determine the contact pair occurred transient break failure. Now it is generally believed that when the voltage drop across the closed contact pair (contact) exceeds 50% of the power potential, the closed contact pair (contact) can be judged to be faulty. In other words, there are two conditions to determine whether the instantaneous breakage occurs: the duration and voltage drop, one without the other.
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